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Python3小白课 介绍
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</a>
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课程目录
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3" data-path="../chapter1/">
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<a href="../chapter1/">
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一、Python初识
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1" data-path="../chapter1/1-1 python3小白课：python语言简介.html">
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<a href="../chapter1/1-1 python3小白课：python语言简介.html">
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1-1 python3小白课：python语言简介
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2" data-path="../chapter1/1-2 python3小白课：python下载.html">
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<a href="../chapter1/1-2 python3小白课：python下载.html">
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1-2 python3小白课：python下载
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3" data-path="../chapter1/1-3 python3小白课：python安装.html">
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<a href="../chapter1/1-3 python3小白课：python安装.html">
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1-3 python3小白课：python安装
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4" data-path="../chapter1/1-4 python3小白课：我的第一个python脚本.html">
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<a href="../chapter1/1-4 python3小白课：我的第一个python脚本.html">
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1-4 python3小白课：我的第一个python脚本
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5" data-path="../chapter1/1-5 python3小白课：如何运行py文件.html">
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<a href="../chapter1/1-5 python3小白课：如何运行py文件.html">
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1-5 python3小白课：如何运行py文件
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.6" data-path="../chapter1/1-6 python3小白课：使用python IDLE.html">
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<a href="../chapter1/1-6 python3小白课：使用python IDLE.html">
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1-6 python3小白课：使用python IDLE
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.7" data-path="../chapter1/1-7 python3小白课：使用python shell.html">
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<a href="../chapter1/1-7 python3小白课：使用python shell.html">
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1-7 python3小白课：使用python shell
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4" data-path="../chapter2/">
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<a href="../chapter2/">
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二、变量、简单类型和运算符
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1" data-path="../chapter2/2-1 python3小白课：啥是变量.html">
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<a href="../chapter2/2-1 python3小白课：啥是变量.html">
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2-1 python3小白课：啥是变量
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2" data-path="../chapter2/2-2 python3小白课：定义常量.html">
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<a href="../chapter2/2-2 python3小白课：定义常量.html">
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2-2 python3小白课：定义常量
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3" data-path="../chapter2/2-3 python3小白课：注释让你事半功倍.html">
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<a href="../chapter2/2-3 python3小白课：注释让你事半功倍.html">
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2-3 python3小白课：注释让你事半功倍
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</a>
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||
|
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4" data-path="../chapter2/2-4 python3小白课：数值类型之整型.html">
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<a href="../chapter2/2-4 python3小白课：数值类型之整型.html">
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2-4 python3小白课：数值类型之整型
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|
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</a>
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|
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.5" data-path="../chapter2/2-5 python3小白课：数值类型之浮点型.html">
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<a href="../chapter2/2-5 python3小白课：数值类型之浮点型.html">
|
||
|
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|
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2-5 python3小白课：数值类型之浮点型
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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</li>
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|
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.6" data-path="../chapter2/2-6 python3小白课：数值类型之复数.html">
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<a href="../chapter2/2-6 python3小白课：数值类型之复数.html">
|
||
|
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|
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2-6 python3小白课：数值类型之复数
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
</li>
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|
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.7" data-path="../chapter2/2-7 python3小白课：字符串入门.html">
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<a href="../chapter2/2-7 python3小白课：字符串入门.html">
|
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|
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|
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2-7 python3小白课：字符串入门
|
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|
||
</a>
|
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|
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|
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.8" data-path="../chapter2/2-8 python3小白课：字节串.html">
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<a href="../chapter2/2-8 python3小白课：字节串.html">
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2-8 python3小白课：字节串
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|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.9" data-path="../chapter2/2-9 python3小白课：字符串进阶.html">
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<a href="../chapter2/2-9 python3小白课：字符串进阶.html">
|
||
|
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|
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2-9 python3小白课：字符串进阶
|
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|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
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|
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.10" data-path="../chapter2/2-10 python3小白课：赋值运算符.html">
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|
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<a href="../chapter2/2-10 python3小白课：赋值运算符.html">
|
||
|
||
|
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2-10 python3小白课：赋值运算符
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
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|
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.11" data-path="../chapter2/2-11 python3小白课：算术运算符.html">
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|
||
<a href="../chapter2/2-11 python3小白课：算术运算符.html">
|
||
|
||
|
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2-11 python3小白课：算术运算符
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.12" data-path="../chapter2/2-12 python3小白课：索引运算符.html">
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<a href="../chapter2/2-12 python3小白课：索引运算符.html">
|
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|
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2-12 python3小白课：索引运算符
|
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|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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</li>
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|
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.13" data-path="../chapter2/2-13 python3小白课：比较运算符.html">
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|
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<a href="../chapter2/2-13 python3小白课：比较运算符.html">
|
||
|
||
|
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2-13 python3小白课：比较运算符
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.14" data-path="../chapter2/2-14 python3小白课：身份运算符.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter2/2-14 python3小白课：身份运算符.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
2-14 python3小白课：身份运算符
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.15" data-path="../chapter2/2-15 python3小白课：逻辑运算符.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter2/2-15 python3小白课：逻辑运算符.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
2-15 python3小白课：逻辑运算符
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.16" data-path="../chapter2/2-16 python3小白课：位运算符.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter2/2-16 python3小白课：位运算符.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
2-16 python3小白课：位运算符
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.17" data-path="../chapter2/2-17 python3小白课：赋值运算符扩展.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter2/2-17 python3小白课：赋值运算符扩展.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
2-17 python3小白课：赋值运算符扩展
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.18" data-path="../chapter2/2-18 python3小白课：三目运算符.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter2/2-18 python3小白课：三目运算符.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
2-18 python3小白课：三目运算符
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.19" data-path="../chapter2/2-19 python3小白课：成员运算符.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter2/2-19 python3小白课：成员运算符.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
2-19 python3小白课：成员运算符
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.20" data-path="../chapter2/2-20 python3小白课：运算符优先级.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter2/2-20 python3小白课：运算符优先级.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
2-20 python3小白课：运算符优先级
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5" data-path="../chapter3/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter3/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
三、列表、元组和字典
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1" data-path="../chapter3/3-1 python3小白课：列表和元组的区别.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter3/3-1 python3小白课：列表和元组的区别.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3-1 python3小白课：列表和元组的区别
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2" data-path="../chapter3/3-2 python3小白课：列表元组入门.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter3/3-2 python3小白课：列表元组入门.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3-2 python3小白课：列表元组入门
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3" data-path="../chapter3/3-3 python3小白课：深入列表.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter3/3-3 python3小白课：深入列表.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3-3 python3小白课：深入列表
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4" data-path="../chapter3/3-4 python3小白课：字典初识.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter3/3-4 python3小白课：字典初识.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3-4 python3小白课：字典初识
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5" data-path="../chapter3/3-5 python3小白课：字典操作基础.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter3/3-5 python3小白课：字典操作基础.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3-5 python3小白课：字典操作基础
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.6" data-path="../chapter3/3-6 python3小白课：字典的常用方法.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter3/3-6 python3小白课：字典的常用方法.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3-6 python3小白课：字典的常用方法
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6" data-path="../chapter4/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter4/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
四、流程控制
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.1" data-path="../chapter4/4-1 python3小白课：if分支结构.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter4/4-1 python3小白课：if分支结构.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4-1 python3小白课：if分支结构
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.2" data-path="../chapter4/4-2 python3小白课：while循环结构.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter4/4-2 python3小白课：while循环结构.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4-2 python3小白课：while循环结构
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.3" data-path="../chapter4/4-3 python3小白课：for-in循环结构.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter4/4-3 python3小白课：for-in循环结构.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4-3 python3小白课：for-in循环结构
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.4" data-path="../chapter4/4-4 python3小白课：for表达式.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter4/4-4 python3小白课：for表达式.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4-4 python3小白课：for表达式
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7" data-path="./">
|
||
|
||
<a href="./">
|
||
|
||
|
||
五、自定义函数
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.1" data-path="5-1 python3小白课：函数是什么.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="5-1 python3小白课：函数是什么.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5-1 python3小白课：函数是什么
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter active" data-level="1.7.2" data-path="5-2 python3小白课：函数入门.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="5-2 python3小白课：函数入门.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5-2 python3小白课：函数入门
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.3" data-path="5-3 python3小白课：递归函数.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="5-3 python3小白课：递归函数.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5-3 python3小白课：递归函数
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.4" data-path="5-4 python3小白课：关键字参数.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="5-4 python3小白课：关键字参数.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5-4 python3小白课：关键字参数
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.5" data-path="5-5 python3小白课：参数默认值.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="5-5 python3小白课：参数默认值.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5-5 python3小白课：参数默认值
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.6" data-path="5-6 python3小白课：参数收集.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="5-6 python3小白课：参数收集.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5-6 python3小白课：参数收集
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.7" data-path="5-7 python3小白课：变量作用域.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="5-7 python3小白课：变量作用域.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5-7 python3小白课：变量作用域
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.8" data-path="5-8 python3小白课：局部函数.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="5-8 python3小白课：局部函数.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5-8 python3小白课：局部函数
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8" data-path="../chapter6/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter6/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
六、模块和包
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.1" data-path="../chapter6/6-1 python3小白课：模块的导入.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter6/6-1 python3小白课：模块的导入.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6-1 python3小白课：模块的导入
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.2" data-path="../chapter6/6-2 python3小白课：自己写模块.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter6/6-2 python3小白课：自己写模块.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6-2 python3小白课：自己写模块
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.3" data-path="../chapter6/6-3 python3小白课：导入模块详解.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter6/6-3 python3小白课：导入模块详解.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6-3 python3小白课：导入模块详解
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.4" data-path="../chapter6/6-4 python3小白课：包是什么.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter6/6-4 python3小白课：包是什么.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6-4 python3小白课：包是什么
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.5" data-path="../chapter6/6-5 python3小白课：定义包.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter6/6-5 python3小白课：定义包.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6-5 python3小白课：定义包
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.6" data-path="../chapter6/6-6 python3小白课：包成员导入.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter6/6-6 python3小白课：包成员导入.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6-6 python3小白课：包成员导入
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.7" data-path="../chapter6/6-7 python3小白课：模块内容查看.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter6/6-7 python3小白课：模块内容查看.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6-7 python3小白课：模块内容查看
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.8" data-path="../chapter6/6-8 python3小白课：解锁你心仪的三方包.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter6/6-8 python3小白课：解锁你心仪的三方包.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6-8 python3小白课：解锁你心仪的三方包
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.9" data-path="../chapter6/6-9 python3小白课：虚拟环境介绍和安装.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter6/6-9 python3小白课：虚拟环境介绍和安装.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6-9 python3小白课：虚拟环境介绍和安装
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.10" data-path="../chapter6/6-10 python3小白课：虚拟环境使用.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter6/6-10 python3小白课：虚拟环境使用.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6-10 python3小白课：虚拟环境使用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.9" data-path="../chapter7/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter7/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
七、类和对象
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.9.1" data-path="../chapter7/7-1 python3小白课：一节课搞懂面向对象.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter7/7-1 python3小白课：一节课搞懂面向对象.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7-1 python3小白课：一节课搞懂面向对象
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.9.2" data-path="../chapter7/7-2 python3小白课：定义类和实例化对象.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter7/7-2 python3小白课：定义类和实例化对象.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7-2 python3小白课：定义类和实例化对象
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.9.3" data-path="../chapter7/7-3 python3小白课：了解实例方法.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter7/7-3 python3小白课：了解实例方法.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7-3 python3小白课：了解实例方法
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.9.4" data-path="../chapter7/7-4 python3小白课：用property函数定义属性.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter7/7-4 python3小白课：用property函数定义属性.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7-4 python3小白课：用property函数定义属性
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.9.5" data-path="../chapter7/7-5 python3小白课：封装和隐藏.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter7/7-5 python3小白课：封装和隐藏.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7-5 python3小白课：封装和隐藏
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.9.6" data-path="../chapter7/7-6 python3小白课：类的继承和多继承.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter7/7-6 python3小白课：类的继承和多继承.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7-6 python3小白课：类的继承和多继承
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.9.7" data-path="../chapter7/7-7 python3小白课：重写父类方法和使用super函数.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter7/7-7 python3小白课：重写父类方法和使用super函数.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7-7 python3小白课：重写父类方法和使用super函数
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.9.8" data-path="../chapter7/7-8 python3小白课：类的多态性.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter7/7-8 python3小白课：类的多态性.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7-8 python3小白课：类的多态性
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.9.9" data-path="../chapter7/7-9 python3小白课：可以被枚举的类.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter7/7-9 python3小白课：可以被枚举的类.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7-9 python3小白课：可以被枚举的类
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.10" data-path="../chapter8/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter8/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
八、异常处理机制
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.10.1" data-path="../chapter8/8-1 python3小白课：最基本的异常处理.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter8/8-1 python3小白课：最基本的异常处理.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
8-1 python3小白课：最基本的异常处理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.10.2" data-path="../chapter8/8-2 python3小白课：多异常捕获.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter8/8-2 python3小白课：多异常捕获.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
8-2 python3小白课：多异常捕获
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.10.3" data-path="../chapter8/8-3 python3小白课：查看详细异常信息.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter8/8-3 python3小白课：查看详细异常信息.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
8-3 python3小白课：查看详细异常信息
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.10.4" data-path="../chapter8/8-4 python3小白课：异常机制中的else块.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../chapter8/8-4 python3小白课：异常机制中的else块.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
8-4 python3小白课：异常机制中的else块
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
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<html><head></head><body><div id="anchor-navigation-ex-navbar"><i class="fa fa-navicon"></i><ul><li><span class="title-icon fa fa-hand-o-right"></span><a href="#python3小白课：函数入门"><b></b>python3小白课：函数入门</a></li><ul><ul><li><span class="title-icon fa fa-hand-o-right"></span><a href="#函数的定义和调用"><b></b>函数的定义和调用</a></li><li><span class="title-icon fa fa-hand-o-right"></span><a href="#函数多个返回值"><b></b>函数多个返回值</a></li><li><span class="title-icon fa fa-hand-o-right"></span><a href="#为函数提供帮助文档"><b></b>为函数提供帮助文档</a></li><li><span class="title-icon fa fa-hand-o-right"></span><a href="#单词释义"><b></b>单词释义</a></li></ul></ul></ul></div><h1 id="python3小白课：函数入门"><a name="python3小白课：函数入门" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#python3小白课：函数入门"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>python3小白课：函数入门</h1>
|
||
<h3 id="函数的定义和调用"><a name="函数的定义和调用" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#函数的定义和调用"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>函数的定义和调用</h3>
|
||
<p>定义一个函数很简单，用到def关键字来定义。我们来看一下语法：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-python"><span class="token keyword">def</span> 函数名<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>形参们<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>执行体<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
|
||
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>返回值<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>上述语法中的<code>[]</code>表示里面的内容是可选的，可以填可以不填，不是列表的意思。</p>
|
||
<p>使用def来声明这是一个函数，接下来写函数的名字，跟变量的命名规则类似，这里就不赘述了，需要注意的是，函数名不要跟一些系统保留关键字、类型名等相同，否则会报错或者覆盖内置的函数，使内置函数在脚本中无法使用。所以函数名尽量有意义一些，根据你的业务场景来命名有意义的，你能理解的命名。</p>
|
||
<p>接下来是一个小括号，里面可以设定要传入的参数在执行体中的名字（这样在执行体中可以获取到传入的参数），也可以是一个不需要参数的函数。</p>
|
||
<p>函数的内里部分需要缩进（否则不算函数的一部分），这一点需要大家注意一下。</p>
|
||
<p>当需要这个函数在调用完成后对外返回内容的时候，可以使用<code>return</code>关键字来进行返回，但它不是必须的。如果没有返回值就不写，如果有返回值就写。可以是什么都不返回，也可以在一个空格之后填写返回值，返回值可以是各种我们之前学习的数据类型。</p>
|
||
<p>执行体和return语句不能同时不存在。如果你还没想好这个函数要做什么，可以使用学过的<code>pass</code>占位符占位。</p>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<p>[!danger]</p>
|
||
<p>在函数中，一旦碰到return语句函数就会立即结束调用并返回，即时在return语句的后面还有执行的语句也是不会执行的。所以它也可以用于<code>结束循环结构的循环体</code>。</p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<p>我们来尝试定义一个十分简单的函数，并且调用它来理解：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-python"><span class="token comment"># coding:utf-8</span>
|
||
<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">add_1</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>num<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token keyword">return</span> num <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
|
||
a <span class="token operator">=</span> add_1<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>这个例子是定义一个函数，这个函数可以让传入的值加上1之后返回。从这个简单的例子我们还能看到一些小知识点。</p>
|
||
<p>比如这是一个没有执行体部分的函数，但计算的逻辑代码写在了return语句的部分，所以return语句是支持表达式的。</p>
|
||
<p>形参传入了一个叫做num的变量，它是不允许为空的变量，必须传入值，否则调用函数时会报错。</p>
|
||
<p>函数返回之后，可以用变量接收结果进行进一步处理。函数的定义代码在调用之前，调用函数跟我们之前调用系统内置函数似乎区别不大。</p>
|
||
<p>同理，定义函数时不设定形参，就是一个不需要传入参数即可直接调用的函数，我们看个例子：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-python"><span class="token comment"># coding:utf-8</span>
|
||
<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">print_3</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
text <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"重要的事情说三遍！"</span>
|
||
<span class="token keyword">for</span> i <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token builtin">range</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>text<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
print_3<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>这个函数是<code>重要的事情说三遍</code>的函数实现，今后，你只需要带上这个函数，就可以一条命令调用这个功能了，十分方便。当然，如果你需要实现传入任意的话语都能自动说三遍，你也可以设定一个形参，传入你要说的话。</p>
|
||
<p>这个函数没有return语句，也是可以的。具体怎么写，你可以根据你的业务需要，灵活思考变动，举一反三。</p>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
<h3 id="函数多个返回值"><a name="函数多个返回值" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#函数多个返回值"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>函数多个返回值</h3>
|
||
<p>刚才我们举的小例子都是返回一个返回值或者不返回的。</p>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<p>[!question]</p>
|
||
<p>那么同一个函数支持多个返回值吗？</p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<p>在python中，是支持的。我们直接来看个例子：</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-python"><span class="token comment"># coding:utf-8</span>
|
||
<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">get_fruits</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"apple"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"banana"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"orange"</span>
|
||
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>get_fruits<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>这个例子返回了三种水果的名字字符串，我们注意到在return语句中使用了<code>,</code>分隔，这样就可以返回多个返回值了，返回的返回值会自动组装成一个列表。</p>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<p>[!tip]</p>
|
||
<p>你可以使用一个变量接收后使用索引访问，也可以定义多个变量，用序列解包的方式赋值给每个变量。</p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
<h3 id="为函数提供帮助文档"><a name="为函数提供帮助文档" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#为函数提供帮助文档"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>为函数提供帮助文档</h3>
|
||
<p>之前的课程中，我们学习过使用<code>help</code>命令来查看函数命令的帮助文档，这些文档是哪儿来的呢？其实这都是这些函数在创建之初，就定义好的供人查询用的。如果开发者懒一点没有定义，那么有可能你是看不到这个文档的。</p>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<p>[!question]</p>
|
||
<p>那么你自己编写的函数呢？可以自己定义文档吗？</p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<p>答案是可以的，而且非常简单。</p>
|
||
<p>我们来看个例子。</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-python"><span class="token comment"># coding:utf-8</span>
|
||
<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">get_fruits</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token triple-quoted-string string">"""
|
||
我就是函数的文档，使用多行文本的写作方式就可以，写在函数执行体的前面
|
||
这个函数是支持中文的。
|
||
因为是多行文本，某一行你也可以选择不缩进，总之怎么方便怎么来。
|
||
你可以写任意的内容到文档里面
|
||
通常的写法是：
|
||
函数作用：获取几种水果的名字
|
||
参数：没有参数。如果有多个参数可以分多行写
|
||
返回值：没有返回值可以不写
|
||
|
||
你还可以写一些使用范例等等
|
||
|
||
写好之后，可以使用help命令来查看你写的效果，如果不喜欢，还可以修改
|
||
"""</span>
|
||
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"apple"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"banana"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"orange"</span>
|
||
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>get_fruits<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"*"</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">40</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token builtin">help</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>get_fruits<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"*"</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">40</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
<span class="token comment"># 你还可以使用函数的__doc__属性查看帮助文档，注意前后各有两个_</span>
|
||
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>get_fruits<span class="token punctuation">.</span>__doc__<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>可见，有的时候定义一个函数的文档，内容甚至可能比代码的量还大，当然，如果你不想写那么多，也没有强制要求，你可以不写文档或者只写一两行，一切看你自己。</p>
|
||
<p>如果你写的函数文档是怕自己忘了或者给别人看的，还记得我们讲过的注释的好处吗？一个好的帮助文档是可以帮助团队省事的，要写多少，看你咯。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="单词释义"><a name="单词释义" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#单词释义"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>单词释义</h3>
|
||
<table>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th>单词</th>
|
||
<th>释义</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>def</td>
|
||
<td>define定义这个单词的简写</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>return</td>
|
||
<td>返回</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>add</td>
|
||
<td>加，加法</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>num</td>
|
||
<td>number数字的简写</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>text</td>
|
||
<td>文本</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>get</td>
|
||
<td>获取</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>fruits</td>
|
||
<td>fruit是水果的意思，这里是复数形式</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>apple</td>
|
||
<td>苹果</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>banana</td>
|
||
<td>香蕉</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>orange</td>
|
||
<td>橙子，柑橘</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>help</td>
|
||
<td>帮助</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>doc</td>
|
||
<td>document文档这个单词的简写</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
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